LA ALTERIDAD RELIGIOSA Y ÉTNICA EN LOS ESCRITOS DE VIAJES
Judíos, Cristianos y Musulmanes de Siria-Palestina (siglos XII-XVII) Ref. FFI2010-16633

INICIO
  • autores
  • judios
  • benjamin de tudela

    • Benjamin of Tudela

    (c. 1165)

    Born in Tudela (Navarre-Spain) 1130? –1173). A paradigmatic author whose travels took place between 1165 and 1173 and bore fruit in his Sefer masa‘ot. He visited Europe, Asia and Africa.

    Manuscripts

    • 1. ספר מסעות שחבר ר' בנימן בר יונה מארץ נבארה נ"ע London – British Library Add. 27089 (Margoliouth 1076), fol. 149r-161v. 13th-14th century. Ashkenazic script.
    • 2. ספר בנימן Roma – Casanatense 3097, fol. 1r-27r. 1428. Italian script.
    • 3. Oxford – Bodleian Library 80 36 (Neubauer 2425), fol. 58r-63v. 15th century. Spanish script (incompleted).
    • 4. מסעות של ר' בנימן Jerusalem – The National Library Heb. 80 2647 (Formerly: Wien - Bibliothek der israelitische Kultusgemeinde and before in the possession of Solomon Zalman Hayyim Halberstamm and Abraham Epstein), fol. 1r-39r. 16th century. Italian script.
    • 5. מסעו' ר' בנימין Oxford – Bodleian Library Reggio 23 (Neubauer 2234). 16th century, fol. 40r-40v (were copied only a few paragraphs). Italian script.
    • 6. מסעות של ר' בנימין New York – JTS Ms. 3847. 17th century, fol. 1r-23v. Yemenite script (Only one third from the beginning).
    • 7. Jerusalem – R. Kook Institute 1240. 17th century, 14 folios. Italian script. (The beginning is missing).
    • 8. ספר מסעות בנימן London – Sasson 134. 17th century. Page 1-61. Oriental script.
    • 9. מסעות של רבי בנימין הרופא Cincinnati – Hebrew Union College 854. Kronach 1769, fol. 77r-123r. Spanish script. Was copied from Amsterdam 1698.
    • 10. מסעות של רבי בנימין הרופא Frankfurt a M – Stadt und Universitätsbibliothek Oct. 244. Fiorenzoula 1796, fol. 65r-117v. Italian script. Was copied from Amsterdam 1698.
    • 11. מסעות של רבי בנימין Cincinnati – Hebrew Union College 855. 18th century, 23 folios.
    • 12. מסעות של ר' בנימין Jerusalem – The National Library. Heb. 80 134. 18th century. 36 folios. Italian script (The beginning is missing).
    • 13. Jerusalem – The National Library. Heb. 80 4335. 18th century. 28 folios. Ashkenazic script. In Yiddish.
    • 14. London – British Library Or. 12364 (Gaster 33). 18th century, page. 65-98, 102-107. Oriental script (selected parts).
    • 15. מסעות של רבי בנימין Ramat-Gan – Bar-Ilan University 1218 (Moussaief 129). 18th-19th centuries, 7 folios. Oriental script (Only part).
    • 16. Oxford – Bodleian Library Ms. Opp. Add. 80 58 (Neubauer 2580). 18th century, 57r-57v (a fragment). Karaite script.
    • 17. ספר מסעות בנימן London – Valmadonna Trust 17 (Richler 288). 18th-19th centuries, fol. 1-61. Oriental script.
    • 18. Jerusalem – M. Benayahu A 8. Jerusalem 1852, fol. 24r-41r. Oriental script. Copied from Ferrara 1555.
    • 19. מסעות של רבי בנימין Jerusalem – R. Kook Institute 1093. 19th century, 27 folios. Yemenite script.
    • 20. מסעות שחבר ר' בנימן ב"ר יונה מארץ נבארה New York – JTS Ms. 3616 (Adler 4154). 19th century, 52 pages. Ashkenazic script. Was copied from London – British Library Add. 27089.
    • 21. מסעות של רבי בנימין Jerusalem – R. Kook Institute 486. 19th century. [27] folios. Oriental script.
    • 22. מסעות של ר' בנימין New York – Ms. 3850. 19th century, 21 folios. Yemenite script. Was copied from Ferrara 1555 (One page from the beginning is missing).
    • 23. ספר המסעות של רבי בנימין New York – Public Library, Jewish items 44. Baghdad 19th century, 95 folios. Oriental script. Was copied from Ferrara 1555 (Some folios from the end are missing).
    • 24. ספר מסעות של רבי בנימין New York – JTS Ms. 3838. Baghdad 19th century, 32 folios. Oriental script. Was copied from Ferrara 1555.

    Hebrew Printed editions (selection)

    There are some dozen Hebrew printed editions. Will be listed here only some of them and also will be listed as bilingual editions in the section of translated editions.
    • 1. Constantinople 1543.
    • 2. Ferrara 1555.
    • 3. Freiburg 1583.
    • 4. Leiden 1633 (See below in the list of Latin translations).
    • 5. Amsterdam 1698.
    • 6. Altdorf 1762.
    • 7. Sulzbach 1783.
    • 8. Zolkiew 1806.
    • 9. London and Berlin 1840 (See below in the list of English translations).
    • 10. St. Petersburg 1881 (See below on the Russian translation).
    • 11. Jerusalem 1904 (See below in the list of German translations)
      London 1907 (See below in the list of English translations).
    • 12. New York 1926, In Ozar Massaoth, edited by Judah David Eisenstein, pp. 15-44. later edition Tel-Aviv 1969.

    Translated editions

      Latin
    • 1. Bebed Aria Montano, Itinerariun Beniamin Tudelensis, Antverpiae, Christophori Plantini 1575. There are some other editions of the same translation.
    • 2. Itinerarium D. Beniaminis, cum versione & notis Constantini L' empereur ab Oppyck, S.T. D.& S. L. P. Lugd[unum] Batauorum: Officinae Elzeveriana 1633. Latin and Hebrew (Helmstadt 1636; Leipzig 1764).

      • Dutch
    • 1. Jan Bara, De Reysen van R. Benjamin Jonas Tudelens, Amsterdam 1666.
    • 2. S. Keyzer, Leiden 1846.

      • Yiddish
    • 1. Translated by Chaim ben Jacob Arbich, in Mikweh Israel of Menashe ben Israel, Amsterdam 1691; Frankfurt 1711. Translated from Dutch (See above).

      • French
    • 1. J. P. Baratier, Voyages de Rabbi Benjamin fils de Jonade Tudele, Amsterdam, Aux depens de la Compagnie 1734; Paris 1830.
    • 2. *H. Harboun, Les Voyagours juifs du Moyen Age XIIe sie'le, Benjamin de Tudela, Pe'tahia de Ratisbonne Natanael Hacohen, Aix en Provence, Editions Massoreth 1986, pp. 7-140, 209-222.

      • English
    • 1. R. Gerrans, Travels of Rabbi Benjamin, son of Jonah of Tudela, London 1784.
    • 2. A. Asher, The Itinerary of Rabbi Benjamin of Tudela, Vol. I-II, London-Berlin 1840-1841. English and Hebrew. Another edition of that translation came out by T. Wright, Early Travels in Palestine, London 1848, pp. 63-126.
    • 3. M. N. Adler, The Itinerary of Benjamin of Tudela, Critical Text, Translation and Commentary, JQR, 16-18 (1904-1906). Hebrew and English.
    • 4. *M. N. Adler, The Itinerary of Benjamin of Tudela, Critical, text, translation and commentary, London 1907, 1983. English and Hebrew.
    • 5. *E. N. Adler, Jewish Travellers in the Middle Ages…Edited and with Introduction by Elkan Nathan Adler, London, G. Routledge, 1930, pp. 38-63 (Incompleted). Based on Prague edition. Another edition: New York, Dover Publications, Inc. 1987.

      • German
    • 1. A. Martinet, Reisetagbuch des Rabbi Benjamin von Tudela. Ein Beitrag zur kenntniss der Juden in der Diaspora wärend des XII. Jahrhunderts, Bamberg 1858. Another edition of the same translation, Berlin 1918.
    • 2. L. Grünhut und M. N. Adler, Reisebeschreibungen des Benjamin von Tudela nach drei Handschriften...edirt und übersetz, mit Anmerkungen und Einleitung versehen von L. Grünhut und M. N. Adler, II vol. Jerusalem-Frankfurt a. M. 1903-1904. German and Hebrew.
    • 3. *R. Schmitz, Benjamin von Tudela, Buch der Reisen )Sefär´ha-Massaäot), Frankfurt am Main, Verlag Peter Lang, 1988 ) without introduction and commentary(.
    • 4. *S. Schreiner, Jüdische Reisen im Mittelalter, Benjamin von Tudela, Petachja von Regensburg, Köln, Parkland Verlag, 1988, ss. 7-119, 201-231.

      • Russian
    • 1. שלשה בעלי מסעות לבית ישראל. Pavel Margolin (Three travelogues), St. Petersburg 1881. Translated by P. Margolin. Based on Carmoly edition. Russian and Hebrew.

      • Spanish
    • 1. I. Gonzalez Liubera, Viajes de Benjamin de Tudela, 1160-1173, Madrid, V. H. Sanz Calleja 1918, 1921-1922.
    • 2. *J. R. Magdalena Nom de De'u, Libro de Viajes de Benjami'n de Tudela, Barcelona, Riopiedras ediciones 1982, 1989 Pamplona 2002.
    • 3. *J. R. Magdalena Nom de De'u, Libro de Viajes Benjamin de Tudela. Spanish, Hebrew (a copy from London 1907) and Basque language, Navara 1994.

      • Italian
    • 1. *G. Busi, Binyamin da Tudela, Itinerario (Sefer massa'ot), Rimini, Luise Editore, 1988.
    • 2. *L. Minervini, Benjamin da Tudela, Libro di viaggi, Palermo, Sellerio editore, 1989.

      • Turkish
    • 1. *N. Arslantas, Ortacag'da (12 yy.), Iki Yahudi seyyahin Avrupa, Asya ve Afrika Gözlemleri Tudela'li Benjamin ile Ratisbon'lu Petachia, Istanbul, kaknüs 2001.

      • Czech
    • 1. *J. Sedinova, Benjamin z Tudely Petachja z Rezna, Dva stredoveke Hebrejske cestopisy, Prague 2002, pp. 7-54.

      • Arabic
    • 1. E. Haddad, 1996, Rihlatu Benyuna al-Andalusi ila Bilad a-shark al-Islami. Beirut-Libano, Dar Ibn Zaydun Li-Tibaa wa nasr, 1996.

    Studies bibliography

    • *מ' ארליך, "והם ד' יהודים דרים תחת מגדל דוד בפאת המדינה": יהודים בירושלים במאה הי"ב, על אתר, יא (תשס"ג), עמ' 75-84.
    • *א' ארסה, 'קבר דוד בתיאוריו של בנימין מטודילה' (1169), פרקים בתולדות ירושלים בימי הביניים, בעריכת ב"ז קדר וצ' ברס, ירושלים תשל"ט, עמ' 112-121.
    • מ' בוסק, אגדת קבר דוד בירושלים, ירושלים, טו, 2 (תשמ"א), עמ' 8-18.
    • מ' גיל, במלכות ישמעאל בתקופת הגאונים, כרך, א, תל-אביב ירושלים 1997, עמ' 473-475.
    • מ' גיל, 'משיחיות ושברה בבבל במאה השתים עשרה', בין היסטוריה לספרות, ספר יובל ליצחק ברזילי, בעריכת ש' נש, תל-אביב 1997, עמ' נט-סב.
    • *מ' וולף, האמנם הביא ר' בנימין מטודלה מילים מ"לשון כנען"? תרביץ, מו (תשל"ז), עמ' 150-151.
    • *א' יערי, מסעות ארץ ישראל, רמת-גן 21976, עמ' 31-47 (חלק הנוגע לארץ-ישראל וסוריה).
    • *י' פראוור, תולדות היהודים בממלכת הצלבנים, ירושלים, יד יצחק בן-צבי תשס"א, עמ' 192-205.
    • *י' פראוור, 'תיאורי מסע עבריים בארץ-ישראל בתקופה הצלבנית', קתדרה, 40 (תשמ"ו), עמ' 45-56.
    • *ש' קראוס, 'אור חדש על אילו ידיעות גיאוגרפיות אצל אלדד הדני ובנימין מטודילא', תרביץ, ח (תרצ"ז), עמ' 208-232.
    • A. M. Andreas, Sur Benjamin de Tude'le, Byzantinische Zeitschrift, 30 (1929-1930). pp. 457-462.
    • Z. Ankori, 'Viajandro con Benjamin de Tudela: nueva solucion a algunos problemas antiguos', C. Carrete (cur.), Congreso Internacional "Encuentro de las Tres Culturas", 3, Atti Conv. Toledo 1984, Toledo 1988, pp. 11-28.
    • *Z. Ankori, Karaites in Byzantion, New York-Jerusalem 1959, index.
    • *A. Arce, 'El sepulcro de David en un texto de Benjmin de Tudela (1169)', Sefarad, XXIII (1963), pp. 105-115.
    • S. G. Armistead and J. H. Silverma, 'Una tradicion épico-Carolingia en el itinerario de Benjamin de Tudela', Sefarad, 47 (1987), pp. 3-7.
    • S. Benjamin, The World of Benjamin of Tudela. A Medieval Mediterranean Travelogue, Madison, Teaneck, Fairleigh and London 1995.
    • S. Berger, Translation between Language and Culture. Benjamin of Tudela's Travels in Yiddish (Amsterdam 1691), Inaugural Lecture, Amsterdam 2005, 22 pages.
    • *P. Borchardt, Benjamin aus Tudela, Encyclopaedia Judaica, 4 (Berlin 1929), pp. 130-136.
    • *P. Borchardt, 'Der Reiseweg des Rabbi Benjamin von Tudela und des Rabbi Petachia aus Regensburg in Mesoppotamien und Persien', Jahrbuch der jüdisch-Literarischen Gesellschaft, XVI (1924). ss. 137-162.
    • P. Borchardt, 'Karawanenstrassen in Arabien nach R. Benjamin', Anthropos, 16-17 (1921-1922), ss. 1056-1057.
    • P. Borchardt, L'Iitine'raire de R. Benjamin en Chine, T'oung Pao (1924), 31-35.
    • P. Borchardt, 'The Sculpture in front of the Lateran as Described by Benjamin of Tudela and Magister Gregorius', Journal of Roman Studies, 26 (1936), pp. 68-70.
    • *G. Busi, 'Binyamin da Tudela, nuove avventure bibliografiche', Materia giudaica, 3 (1997), pp. 39-42.
    • *M. J. Cano Perez, 'Las relaciones Judeo-Árabes en Oriente próximo según el viajero Hispano-Judío Benjamín de Tudela', Claves para la paz en el Mediterráneo, Granada 2006, pp. 28-38.
    • *M. J. Cano Perez, 'Los Notables Judíos de Cataluña y el sur de Francia según el Sefer Masa'ot de Benjamín de Tudela', Miscelánea de Estudios Árabes y Hebraicos, 53 (2004), pp. 73-95.
    • *M. J. Cano [Perez], 'El mundo griego en los relatos de viajeros judíos', Constantinopla. 550 años de su caida, Granada 2006, pp. 435-472.
    • E. Carmoli, Notice historique sur Benjamin de Tude'le, Nouvelle e'dition, Bruxelles 1852.
    • *C. Colafemmina, 'L'itinerario pugliese di Beniamino da Tudela', Archivio storico pugliese, 28 (1975), pp. 81-100.
    • *A. David, Benjamin ben Jonah of Tudela, EJIW, I (2010), pp. 417-419.
    • *A. David, 'Benjamin of Tudela', Dictionary of the Middle Ages, 2, New York, Charles Scribner's sons, 1983, p. 181.
    • R. Di Tucci, 'Beniamino da Tudela e il suo viaggio', Bollettino della R. Societa geografica italiana, 78 (1941), pp. 496-517.
    • R. Dussaud, Le sanctuaire phe'nicien de Byblos d'apre's Benjamin de Tude'le, Syria, 7 (1926), pp. 247-256.
    • *P. E. Fornaciari, 'Beniamino da Tudela in Italia', Archivio Storico Italiano, Firenze 1989, pp. 415-434.
    • *P. E. Fornaciari, 'La percezione del mondo Dalmata e Slavo in Beniamino da Tudela', Itineraria, 3-4 (2004-2005), pp. 57-72.
    • N. Golb, 'Aspects of Geographical Knowledge among the Jews of the Earlier Middle Ages', Popoli e paesi nella cultura altomedievale, Spoleto 1983, I, pp. 175-211.
    • *L. Z. Herscovici, 'References to the Carpatho-Danubian Region in Hebrew Sources of the 10th-12th centuries', Romanian Jewish Studies, I (1987), pp. 9-14, 16-17.
    • D. Jacoby, 'Benjamin of Tudela in Byzantium', Palaeoslavica, 10 (2002), pp. 180-185.
    • D. Jacoby, Benjamin of Tudela and his "Book of Travels", Venezia incrocio di culture, a cura di K. Herbers e F. Schmieder, Roma 2008, pp. 135-164.
    • *A. Kuyt, 'Die Welt aus sefaradischer und ashkenazischer Sicht: Die mittelalterischen hebräischen Reiseberichte des Benjamin von Tudela und des Petachja von Regensburg', Chloe, Beihefte zum Daphnis. Erkundung und Beschreibung der Welt. Zur Poetik der Reise-und Länderberichte, Herausgegeben von X. Von Ertzdorff und G. Giesemann, Amsterdam-New Zork 2003, ss. 211-231.
    • *G. Lacerenza, 'Echi biblici in una leggenda. Tiro in Beniamin da Tudela', Annali (Instituto Universitario Orientale), 56 (1996), pp. 462-470.
    • *G. Lacerenza, 'Struttura letterariae dinamiche compositive nel Sefer Massao't da Binyamin da Tudela', Materia giudaica, XII/1-2 (2007), pp. 89-98.
    • J. O. Leibowitz, 'Benjamin de Tude'le sur la contre'e de Salerne', Atti del XIV Congresso internazionale di storia della medicina, vol. 2, Roma – Salerno, 1954, pp.
    • J. Lelewel, Examen ge'ographique des voyages de Benjamin de Tude'le, Bruxelles 1852 (See: E. Carmoli).
    • Y. Levanon, The Jewish Travellers in the Twelfth Century, Boston 1980.
    • R. Luria, 'Sull 'Itinerario di Benjamino di Tudela', Vessillo israelitico, 36 (1888), pp. 56-58.
    • *J. R. Magdalena Nom de De'u, 'Testimonios arqueológicos del Oriente Próximo reflejados en el Se'fer-Masa'ot de Benjamín de Tudela (Siria-Palestina, Mesopotamia y Egipto)', Arbor, CLXXX, 711-712 (2005), pp. 465-488.
    • *J. R. Magdalena Nom de De'u, 'Benjamín de Tudela y su relación de viajes por Mediterráneo y Oriente', El viaje de Benjamin de Tudela, Prosegur 2006, pp. 21-107.
    • *J. A. Ochoa, 'El imperio Bizantino en el viaje de Benjamin de Tudela', Viaggiatori ebrei, Atti del Congresso europeo dell' AISG, San Miniato, 4-5 novembre 1991, a cura di G. Busi, Bologna 1992, pp. 81-98.
    • N. Ohler, Reisen im Mittelalter, München-Zürich 1986.
    • *J. Prawer, The History of the Jews in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem, Oxford, Clarendon Press 1988, pp. 191-206.
    • H. G. Reissner, 'Benjamin of Tudela on Ceylon', Zeitschrift für Religions und Geistgeschichte, 6 (1954), pp. 151-155.
    • L. River, 'Itinerario de Benjamin de Tudela', Boletin de la Real Academia de la Historia, XXXVI (1956), pp. 391-461.
    • C. Roth, 'Benjamin of Tudela. The last stage', Annuario di studi ebraica, (1968-1969), pp. 47-50.
    • *C. Roth, 'Benjamin of Tudela', Encyclopaedia Judaica, Jerusalem 1971, pp. 535-538.
    • *H. P. Rüger, Syrien und Palästina nach dem Reisebericht des Benjamin von Tudela, Übersetzt und erklärt von H. P. Rüger, Wiesbaden 1990.
    • *R. Schmitz, 'Benjamin von Tudela, "Das Buch der Reise", Realität oder Fiktion', Henoch, XVI (1994), ss. 295-314.
    • S. Schreiner, 'Benjamin de Tudela un jud'io sefard'I de viaje por el oriente isl'amico', El Olivo, 33-34 (1991), pp. 107-122, 115.
    • J. Shatzmiller, 'Jews Pilgrimage and the Christian Cult of Saints: Benjamin of Tudela and his contemporaries', A. C. Murray, ed. After Rome's Fall. Narrators and Sources of Early Medieval History, Essays presented to Walter Goffart, Toronto-Buffalo-London 1998, pp.
    • M. Signer, Introduction to The Itinerary of Benjamin of Tudela, second edition of N. M. Adler, Malibu 1983.
    • S. Tedeschi, 'L'Etiopie dans l'Itin'eraire de Benjamin de Tudela', Proceedings of the 9th International Congress of Ethiopean Studies, Moscow 1988, pp. 207-221.
    • R. Di Tucci, 'Beniamino da Tudela e il suo viaggio', Bollettino della R. Societa' geografica italiana, 7 (1941), pp. 486-517.
    • J. P. A. Van der Vin, Travellers to Greece and Constantinople, Ancient Monuments and Old Traditions in Medieval Traveller's Tales, Leiden 1980.
    • A. Varvaro, 'Carlomagno in Spagna in Beniamino di Tudela', Medioevo romanzo, 9 (1984), pp. 341-342.
    • D. J. Wasserstein, 'Does Benjamin mention Portugal?', Journal of Semitic Studies, 24 (1979), pp. 193-200.


     
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